Know the importance, deficiency causes and prevention of Vitamin D in mothers and infants

Vitamin D plays a crucial role in the health and development of expectant mothers and infants. An adequate level of vitamin D ensures sufficient calcium absorption, which is essential for foetal development and maternal bone health.

According to Dr Rashmi Naik N, Consultant Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Apollo Cradle & Children's Hospital, Rajajinagar, Bangalore, it also regulates hormones and supports the immune function, promoting cell growth and controlling inflammation in the body.

Why vitamin D is important for pregnant women and infants

A deficiency of vitamin D among pregnant women can lead to preeclampsia, gestational diabetes and preterm birth. Lack of vitamin D can further weaken their immune system, which makes them vulnerable to infections. Similarly, in newborns, it is important for their bone & teeth development. Lack of it can lead to rickets. Further, vitamin D supports the immune system and the physical development of babies.

Common causes of vitamin D deficiency

In expectant mothers:

. No Exposure to Sunlight

. Improper diet 

. Obesity

. Health Conditions

In infants:

. Less or No Sunlight Exposure 

. Maternal health conditions

. Premature



birth

. Breastfeeding without supplementation

WHO recommendations for vitamin D supplementation

As per the WHO, very low birth weight (VLBW) infants should receive 400-1000 IU (Vitamin D) supplementation until 6 months of age to prevent these deficiencies. While pregnant women should receive 200 IU (vitamin D) supplementation during pregnancy, it can prevent complications. 

How pregnant women can prevent vitamin D deficiency

. Spend 15-20 mins in sunlight in the early morning with hands, legs and face uncovered.

. Include vitamin D-rich foods in the diet, such as mushrooms, milk, fish and egg whites, etc. 

. Take vitamin D supplements as prescribed by the doctor.

Vitamin D care tips for infants and newborns

. Ensure the baby gets supplemented with 400 IU of vitamin D till one year.

. Breastfeeding, as suggested by the paediatrician

. Maternal Supplementation ensures an adequate amount of Vitamin D in infants

. Sunlight exposure in the early hours of the day for older children, as suggested by the paediatrician.

By taking a proactive approach, pregnant women can not only improve their health during pregnancy but can also reduce the risk of long-term health complications for both mother and child.